Most sump pumps last somewhere in the range of 7-10 years with normal use, though this varies with how often the pump cycles, the quality of the unit, and how well it has been maintained. A pump nearing or past that range is worth testing more carefully, even if it seems to be working.
A pump that turns on and off much more often than usual, even during normal (non-heavy-rain) conditions, may be struggling to keep up or nearing the end of its usable life. This pattern is worth noting rather than dismissing as normal behavior.
Grinding, rattling, or loud vibration during operation can indicate a worn motor or impeller. A sump pump that has always run quietly and suddenly sounds different is worth having checked before it fails completely.
Rust on the pump housing or fittings, or a pump that looks visibly aged compared to when it was installed, is a reasonable prompt to test it more thoroughly rather than assume it will keep working.
Pour a few gallons of water into the sump pit until the float rises enough to trigger the pump. It should turn on, remove the water, and shut off cleanly. If it hesitates, runs unusually long, or does not activate at all, that is a clear sign it needs attention before the next time you actually need it.
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